Sentence Starters for Text Evidence: A Guide to Powerful Argumentation
Finding the right way to introduce text evidence is crucial for crafting a strong, persuasive argument. Weak introductions can weaken even the most compelling evidence. This guide provides a variety of sentence starters categorized by function, allowing you to seamlessly integrate textual support into your writing.
Introducing Direct Quotes:
- Introducing the quote's context: "In the passage describing [event/character/idea], the author states, '...'."
- Highlighting the author's voice: "[Author's name] emphasizes the importance of [topic] when he/she writes, '...'."
- Focusing on a specific word or phrase: "The author's use of the word/phrase '[word/phrase]' in the sentence, '...', reveals..."
- Presenting a powerful quote: "The pivotal moment in the narrative is captured in this quote: '...'."
- Emphasizing a key idea: "The central argument is clearly expressed in this quote: '...'."
- Using a formal introduction: "According to [author's last name], '...'."
- Introducing a contrasting perspective: "In contrast to [previous point], the author argues, '...'."
- Using a less formal introduction: "[Author's name] says, '...'."
- Giving a sense of urgency/importance: "Crucially, the text emphasizes, '...'."
Introducing Paraphrased Evidence:
- General paraphrasing: "The text suggests that..."
- Focus on the main idea: "Essentially, the author argues that..."
- Highlighting a specific detail: "The passage details how..."
- Summarizing key information: "In summary, the author presents evidence that..."
- Expressing cause and effect: "The author explains that [cause] results in [effect], as evidenced by..."
- Emphasizing the impact: "This highlights the significance of..."
After Introducing Evidence (Analysis):
- Connecting to your argument: "This demonstrates that..."
- Providing interpretation: "This suggests that..."
- Explaining significance: "This is important because..."
- Drawing conclusions: "Therefore,..." / "Consequently,..."
- Offering additional insight: "Furthermore,..." / "Moreover,..."
- Comparing/Contrasting evidence: "In comparison,..." / "On the other hand,..."
- Showcasing the implications: "This implies that..."
Avoiding Weak Introductions:
Avoid simply dropping quotes into your writing without proper context. Phrases like "The author says..." are weak and lack analytical depth. Instead, use the sentence starters above to seamlessly integrate evidence and strengthen your analysis.
Remember: Always cite your source correctly after each piece of evidence using MLA, APA, or Chicago style, depending on your assignment requirements. Proper citation establishes your credibility and avoids plagiarism.
